脑干听觉诱发电位对重症手足口病神经系统损害的早期诊断价值

目的 探讨脑干听觉诱发电位（brainstem auditory evoked potential,BAEP）对手足口病重症病例神经系统损害的早期诊断价值.方法 本研究通过对297例手足口病患儿进行BAEP检测,之后按照严重程度分级及年龄进行分组比较,手足口病普通病例、年龄＜3岁为A组（n=80）,重症病例重型、年龄＜3岁为B组（n=94）,普通病例、年龄≥3岁为C组（n=38）,重症病例重型、年龄≥3岁为D组（n=85）.回顾性分析各组脑电图（electroencephalogram,EEG）、头部MRI的检测结果,并与BAEP结果进行比较.结果 （1）B组BAEP异常率（18/94,19.15％）高于A组（3/80,3.75％）,D组BAEP异常率（13/85,15.29％）高于C组（1/38,2.63％）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（2）B组EEG异常率偏低（2/94,2.13％）,A组无一例EEG异常.（3）D组EEG异常率（49/85,57.65％）高于C组（6/38,15.79％） （P ＜0.05）,且高于D组BAEP异常率.（4）B组MRI异常率（9/94,9.57％）高于A组（1/80,1.25％）（P＜0.05）,D组MRI异常率（9/85,10.59％）高于C组（0）.（5）全部手足口病重症病例重型患儿的BAEP异常率（31/179,17.32％）高于MRI异常率（18/179,10.06％） （P＜0.05）.结论 BAEP检测可为手足口病重症病例神经系统损害的早期诊断提供客观依据.     

Topical Silymarin Administration for Prevention of Capecitabine‐Induced Hand–Foot Syndrome: A Randomized,Double‐Blinded,Placebo‐Controlled Clinical Trial

Hand–foot syndrome (HFS) is a frequent dose‐limiting adverse reaction of capecitabine in patient with gastrointestinal cancers. Silymarin is a polyphenolic flavonoid extracted from the Silybum marianum that exhibits strong antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. In this study, we evaluated silymarin efficacy in prevention of capecitabine‐induced HFS in patients with gastrointestinal cancers, as the first human study. During this pilot, randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled clinical trial, the effect of silymarin gel 1%, which is applied on the palms and soles twice daily starting at the first day of chemotherapy for 9 weeks, on HFS occurrence was assessed. Forty patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria assigned to the silymarin or placebo group. World Health Organization HFS grading scale scores were recorded at baseline and every 3 weeks during these 9 weeks. The median WHO HFS scores were significantly lower in silymarin group at the end of the 9^th week (p < 0.05). The scores increased significantly in both placebo and silymarin groups during chemotherapy, but there was a delay for HFS development and progression in silymarin group. Prophylactic administration of silymarin topical formulation could significantly reduce the severity of capecitabine‐induced HFS and delays its occurrence in patients with gastrointestinal cancer after 9 weeks of application. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

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手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD),又名发疹性水疱口腔炎,是由多种肠道病毒引起的好发于5岁以下婴幼儿的一种常见病毒感染性传染病,近些年来在世界各国广为流行。该病临床表现为口腔黏膜、     

The effect of various jaw motor tasks on body sway

Alterations of body sway caused by isometric contractions of the jaw muscles have been reported previously. The objective of this study was to test if motor tasks of the masticatory system with different control demands affect body posture differently during quiet stance. Position and sway displacements of the center of foot pressure (COP) were measured for 20 healthy subjects who either kept the mandible at rest or performed unilateral and bilateral maximum voluntary teeth clenching, feedback-controlled biting tasks at submaximum bite forces, or unilateral chewing. Two weeks later the measurements were repeated. Compared with quiet stance, the COP results revealed significant changes during the feedback-controlled biting tasks. Robust sway reduction and anterior displacement of the COP were observed under these conditions. Body oscillations were not significantly affected by maximum bites or by unilateral chewing. For most of the variables investigated there were no significant differences between unilateral and bilateral biting. Robust sway reduction during feedback-controlled biting tasks in healthy subjects involved a stiffening phenomenon that was attributed to the common physiological repertoire of posture control, and might optimize the stability of posture under these conditions.